Determination of the geographic origin of garlic using the bioelement content and isotope signatures

In recent years, the identification of origin has become a significant issue in food safety and quality control systems. Garlic is produced mainly Asia popular agricultural product among health-conscious individuals. The objective this study was to determine geographic origins Korean garlic (KG) Chinese (CG) using their bioelement (C, O, N, S) contents isotope signatures. Unlike KG, CG under systematic management system for export market. more homogeneous content composition than KG. interannual differences δ13C δ18O values were observed N S compositions between KG samples found be key parameters discriminating origin. could clearly discriminated by statistical analysis that included bioelements multi-isotopes as variables. We suggest isotopic can used identify its country (p < 0.005 δ15N, p 0.0001 δ34S) discrimination verified analysis.